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  • Summary of replies on 3-D elgons


    Dear Biomch-l subscribers:

    A couple of months ago I posted a request for info on 3-D electrogoniometers.
    I received several messages immediately and several more have been trickling
    in since that time. I summarize them below. Sorry for the delay in posting
    this summary to the list.

    --Rick

    Richard N. Hinrichs, Ph.D.
    Dept. of Exercise Science
    Arizona State University
    Tempe, AZ 85287-0404 USA
    (602) 965-1624
    (602) 965-8108 (FAX)

    email: Hinrichs@ESPE1.LA.ASU.EDU

    ================================================== ============================

    ---------------My original posting------------------

    Dear Biomch-l subscribers:

    Can anyone give me some information on commercially available triaxial
    electrogoniometers (elgons)? I would like to see what is available from a
    variety of vendors and the approximate cost of each. Are there any devices
    that can measure translations as well as rotations (six degrees of
    freedom)? Are there others that measure just the rotations? I would
    appreciate hearing from anyone who has used these devices as to how well they
    work to measure human joint motion. I am particularly interested in
    quantifying head/neck motion and shoulder motion in a clinical setting.
    Thanks in advance.

    --Rick

    Richard N. Hinrichs, Ph.D.
    Dept. of Exercise Science
    Arizona State University

    ================================================== ============================

    From: "D. M. Pickles"

    I have experience of a biaxial goniometermanufactured by Penny
    and Giles Biometrics (Tel +44 495 228000; Fax +44 495 229389).
    I think they may do a triaxial one as well but am not sure. Give
    me a shout if you want any further information.

    --Regards

    David Pickles
    Comparative Orthopaedic Research Unit
    Department of Anatomy
    University of Bristol
    Park Row
    Bristol
    BS1 5LS
    United Kingdom

    ================================================== ============================

    From: Chris.Grant@um.cc.umich.edu

    At the Center for Ergonomics at the University of Michigan we
    have been working with triaxial goniometers; I believe they
    are the Penny & Giles ones. We found significant crosstalk
    between the channels when using them on the forearm and back
    of the hand. The crosstalk happened when, of course, the
    forearm went from supination to pronation and back.

    ================================================== ============================

    From: James R Harvey

    Rick:

    There is a company in Florida called Faro Medical that makes a 6 axis
    digitizer arm.

    I am contemplating starting a company to do the same and would be VERY
    INTERESTED in knowing what you need. I have access to some sensors that
    would make it quite inexpensive and accurate.

    Please get back to me as I am no longer on the BIOMCH list.

    Regards,
    James Harvey
    Timberline Medical
    3114 Robinwood Drive
    Salt Lake City, UT 84118

    (801) 968-2343

    ================================================== ============================

    From: Graham_E_CALDWELL@umail.umd.edu

    Rick,

    I've used several different Elgon systems, and suggest you look at two in
    particular. The first is described in Hannah et al., Arch Phys Med Rehab,
    65: 155-158 and 159-162, 1984...it is a parallelogram-type elgon system
    (they used it for gait analysis, but one of the modules should serve you
    well). They were developed at Shaughnessy Hospital in Vancouver, BC. You
    might also try contacting Jim Morrison at Simon Fraser, as he had one of
    these elgon systems.

    The second elgon I would examine is the Penny & Giles model, which
    is extremely lightweight, consisting of a flexible calibrated 'bar'. It was
    designed by the people at Strathclyde, and has been described by A. Nicol in
    several places. Phone MEDmetric Corp in San Diego at 619-536-9122.

    Good luck.....Graham Caldwell, Maryland

    ================================================== ============================

    From: pieper@northstar.dartmouth.edu (Steve Pieper)

    Dr. Hinrichs,

    Dr. Delp of Northwestern Univ. forwarded to me your posting to the net
    regarding electrogoniometers. (see below). The only system I've
    worked on is the dextrous hand master (DHM) made by Exos, Inc. 2A Gill
    Street, Woburn, MA 01801, (617) 933 0022 (tel), (617) 933 0303 (fax).
    Dr. Beth Marcus is the president (bam@media-lab.media.mit.edu. The DHM
    device is the most accurate hand motion measurement system I know of.

    Exos also makes a variety of sensor configurations for studying hand
    and wrist joint motion, and for studying hand rehabilitation. They
    are marketing a new system, called, I think, the Clinical Hand
    Measurement System, for quanitfying and recording hand capability
    on a Macintosh or PC.

    Exos also built a special purpose arm motion system for use in a
    musical performance which combined the cellist Yo Yo Ma with a computer
    accompanist. That work was done in collaboration with Tod Machover's
    group at the MIT Media Lab (tod@media-lab.media.mit.edu).

    Good luck in your research. I wonder if you could do me a favor and
    send along any other email you collect on joint measurement.
    I'm particularly interested in ways to determine what's going on
    inside the joint capsule during limb motion.

    Thanks,
    Steve Pieper, Ph.D.
    Assistant Professor of Engineering Science
    Thayer School of Engineering
    Box 8000
    Dartmouth College
    Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-8000
    (603) 646 2623 (voice)
    (603) 646 3805 (fax)
    Steve.Pieper@dartmouth.edu (internet)

    ================================================== ============================

    From: Mike Whittle

    Dear Rick:

    The Chattanooga Corporation ("Chattex") make an electrogoniometer
    known as "Triax". It looks very similar to the CARS-UBC goniometer from the
    mid-1980s. The last I heard, they were redesigning it, and it had been
    temporarily withdrawn from sale. I will try and find out more, and let you
    know.

    In general terms, electrogoniometers mounted on the legs are fine for flexion/
    extension angles, but poor for movements in the other planes, unless you
    manipulate the data to allow for the off-axis positioning. There is a bit
    more on this in my book - Gait Analysis: an introduction. Whittle, M.W.
    Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1991.

    The Penny and Giles flexible electrogoniometer (developed at the University of
    Strathclyde) seems to be a useful instrument, although I have not used it
    myself.

    With best wishes,

    Mike Whittle
    Cline Chair of Rehabilitation Technology
    The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga

    ================================================== ============================

    From: Mike Whittle

    Dear Rick:

    I finally managed to speak to the right person at the Chattanooga
    Corporation regarding the Triax electrogoniometer. It seems they had such
    problems with the device that they decided to withdraw it. There are plans to
    introduce another device, probably early in 1994, but this may be a single-
    plane goniometer, which avoids the problems inherent in 3-D devices.

    With best wishes

    Mike Whittle
    Cline Chair of Rehabilitation Technology
    The Universisty of Tennessee at Chattanooga


    ================================================== ============================
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