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Dear Biomech-er's
i would like to thank many of you who replied to my query.
The references and suggestions sent by many were most helpful.
i also received several requests for copies of the responses
and hence am posting this summary of the replies.
i am also including (as requested by others) the references i had
mentioned briefly in my first posting.
Thanks again to all of you for your patience and your suggestions.
Shreefal Mehta
The references i had mentioned are :
Kiebzak GM 1991 Age-related bone changes. Exp Gerontol
26(2-3):171-87.
Martin B 1993 Aging and strength of bone as a structural material.
Calcif Tissue Int 53(Suppl 1):S34-9; discussion S39-40.
----------------------RESPONSES:
SS Kohles, GD Cartee, R Vanderby Jr. "Cortical
Elasticity
in Aging Rats With and Without Growth Hormone Treatments,"
Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology,
20(4-5):157-163, 1996.
------------------
Currey (1979)
Burstein, Reilly, Martens (1976)
Bartley, Arnold, Haslam, Jee (1966)
Weaver & Chalmer (1966)
Atkinson & Weatherell (1967)
Smith & Smith (1976)
Vogel (1979)
Mellick & Miller (1966)
------------------
You can find a chapter on effect of age on mechanical properties
of bone in the book : "Mechanical properties of Bone " by F.Gaynor
Evans
published by charls C Thomas .publisher . springfield . illinois.USA
------------------
Search under:
Goldstein
Hayes, WC
Schaffler M
Fyhrie D
Carter D
Turner
Keaveny T
Tim Norman,
S.A. Duursma
D.L. Knook
I suppose you may also be familiar with the "classic" (i.e. oft-
quoted) work of Reilly and Burstein. Other older work includes
papers by Yamada.
------------------
"Bone Mechanics",by Stephen C. Cowin
"Basic Orthopedic Biomechanics" by Mow V.C & Hayes W.C
------------------
I think of two people in Holland who could have published about this
field: S.A. Duursma
D.L. Knook (see http://www.tno.nl/instit/cvo/cvo.html
They are both specialist in aging on cellular level.
------------------
Burstein, AH, Reilly, DT and Martens, M (1976), Ageing of Bone
Tissue:
Mechanical Properties, J of Bone Joint Surgery, Vol 58-A, No 1, pp.
82-86
Melick, RA & Miller, DR (1966), Variations of Tensile Strength of
Human
Cortical Bone with Age, Clin Science, No 30, pp. 243-248
Yamada, H (1970), Strength of Biological Materials, ed. Evans, FG,
Williams
and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD
Yokoo, S (1952), The Compression Test upon the Diaphysis and the
Compact
Substance of the Long Bones of Human Extremities, J Kyoto Pref Med
Univ. No
51, pp. 291-313
------------------------
The following references are annotated:
Bartley MH Jr, Arnold JS, Haslam RK and Jee WSS (1966) The
relationship of
bone strength and bone quantity in health, disease and aging. J.
Geront.,
21:517-521.
25% of women age 50-76 have osteoporosis. Highest strength =
age
20-40.
Decrease with age after age 40. Lower in women than men.
Ding M, Dalstra M, Kabel J and Linde F (1996) Mechanical properties
of
tibial trabecular bone: a study on human autopsy bone with a wide age
range.
Trans. Orthop. Res. Soc., 21:601.
Properties increase up to age 40. Significant decrease after
age 50.
Trabecular
bone more compliant in younger age group (20-30).
Mosekilde Li, Mosekilde Le and Danielsen CC (1987) Biomechanical
competence
of vertebral trabecular bone in relation to ash density and age in
normal
individuals. Bone, 8:79-85.
75-80% decrease in properties from age 20 to 80. Perforation of
vertical trabeculae
and loss of horizontal struts with age.
Riemer BA, Eadie JS, Weissman DE, Haut KM, Hollister SJ and Goldstein
SA (1994) Characterization of the architecture, tissue properties
and
continuum behavior of aging trabecular bone. Trans. Orthop. Res.
Soc.,
19:189-32.
Loss of trabeculae in older group. Trabeculae have higher
modulus
(more brittle).
Weaver JK and Chalmers J (1966) Cancellous bone: its strength and
changes
with aging and an evaluation of some methods for measuring its
mineral
content, I. age changes in cancellous bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am],
48A(2):289-298.
Increase in strength up to 40 years. Rapid decrease from age 50
on.
Activity also an
influence so there is wide scatter. Females weaker than
males after
age 50.
------------------
You will find a number of my publications regarding the resistance to
fracture (or
fracture toughness) in the literature. Some discuss the age related
changes in
fracture toughness. We also have two paper in review that compare the
morphology and
biochemistry of bone to its fracture toughness. Hope these can be of
some help.
Tim Norman, Ph.D. email: tnorman@wvu.edu
------------------
ORS abstract this
year in February
Title: The effects of aging in the elasticity and fracture properties
of
human femoral bone;
by Peter Zioupos & J.D. Currey
------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Shreefal Mehta, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor,
Dept of Radiology -9058,
Univ of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
5323 Harry Hines Blvd.,
Dallas, TX 75235
Phone: (214)-648-2397
Fax: (214)-648-2991
Email: smehta@mednet.swmed.edu
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
i would like to thank many of you who replied to my query.
The references and suggestions sent by many were most helpful.
i also received several requests for copies of the responses
and hence am posting this summary of the replies.
i am also including (as requested by others) the references i had
mentioned briefly in my first posting.
Thanks again to all of you for your patience and your suggestions.
Shreefal Mehta
The references i had mentioned are :
Kiebzak GM 1991 Age-related bone changes. Exp Gerontol
26(2-3):171-87.
Martin B 1993 Aging and strength of bone as a structural material.
Calcif Tissue Int 53(Suppl 1):S34-9; discussion S39-40.
----------------------RESPONSES:
SS Kohles, GD Cartee, R Vanderby Jr. "Cortical
Elasticity
in Aging Rats With and Without Growth Hormone Treatments,"
Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology,
20(4-5):157-163, 1996.
------------------
Currey (1979)
Burstein, Reilly, Martens (1976)
Bartley, Arnold, Haslam, Jee (1966)
Weaver & Chalmer (1966)
Atkinson & Weatherell (1967)
Smith & Smith (1976)
Vogel (1979)
Mellick & Miller (1966)
------------------
You can find a chapter on effect of age on mechanical properties
of bone in the book : "Mechanical properties of Bone " by F.Gaynor
Evans
published by charls C Thomas .publisher . springfield . illinois.USA
------------------
Search under:
Goldstein
Hayes, WC
Schaffler M
Fyhrie D
Carter D
Turner
Keaveny T
Tim Norman,
S.A. Duursma
D.L. Knook
I suppose you may also be familiar with the "classic" (i.e. oft-
quoted) work of Reilly and Burstein. Other older work includes
papers by Yamada.
------------------
"Bone Mechanics",by Stephen C. Cowin
"Basic Orthopedic Biomechanics" by Mow V.C & Hayes W.C
------------------
I think of two people in Holland who could have published about this
field: S.A. Duursma
D.L. Knook (see http://www.tno.nl/instit/cvo/cvo.html
They are both specialist in aging on cellular level.
------------------
Burstein, AH, Reilly, DT and Martens, M (1976), Ageing of Bone
Tissue:
Mechanical Properties, J of Bone Joint Surgery, Vol 58-A, No 1, pp.
82-86
Melick, RA & Miller, DR (1966), Variations of Tensile Strength of
Human
Cortical Bone with Age, Clin Science, No 30, pp. 243-248
Yamada, H (1970), Strength of Biological Materials, ed. Evans, FG,
Williams
and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD
Yokoo, S (1952), The Compression Test upon the Diaphysis and the
Compact
Substance of the Long Bones of Human Extremities, J Kyoto Pref Med
Univ. No
51, pp. 291-313
------------------------
The following references are annotated:
Bartley MH Jr, Arnold JS, Haslam RK and Jee WSS (1966) The
relationship of
bone strength and bone quantity in health, disease and aging. J.
Geront.,
21:517-521.
25% of women age 50-76 have osteoporosis. Highest strength =
age
20-40.
Decrease with age after age 40. Lower in women than men.
Ding M, Dalstra M, Kabel J and Linde F (1996) Mechanical properties
of
tibial trabecular bone: a study on human autopsy bone with a wide age
range.
Trans. Orthop. Res. Soc., 21:601.
Properties increase up to age 40. Significant decrease after
age 50.
Trabecular
bone more compliant in younger age group (20-30).
Mosekilde Li, Mosekilde Le and Danielsen CC (1987) Biomechanical
competence
of vertebral trabecular bone in relation to ash density and age in
normal
individuals. Bone, 8:79-85.
75-80% decrease in properties from age 20 to 80. Perforation of
vertical trabeculae
and loss of horizontal struts with age.
Riemer BA, Eadie JS, Weissman DE, Haut KM, Hollister SJ and Goldstein
SA (1994) Characterization of the architecture, tissue properties
and
continuum behavior of aging trabecular bone. Trans. Orthop. Res.
Soc.,
19:189-32.
Loss of trabeculae in older group. Trabeculae have higher
modulus
(more brittle).
Weaver JK and Chalmers J (1966) Cancellous bone: its strength and
changes
with aging and an evaluation of some methods for measuring its
mineral
content, I. age changes in cancellous bone. J Bone Joint Surg [Am],
48A(2):289-298.
Increase in strength up to 40 years. Rapid decrease from age 50
on.
Activity also an
influence so there is wide scatter. Females weaker than
males after
age 50.
------------------
You will find a number of my publications regarding the resistance to
fracture (or
fracture toughness) in the literature. Some discuss the age related
changes in
fracture toughness. We also have two paper in review that compare the
morphology and
biochemistry of bone to its fracture toughness. Hope these can be of
some help.
Tim Norman, Ph.D. email: tnorman@wvu.edu
------------------
ORS abstract this
year in February
Title: The effects of aging in the elasticity and fracture properties
of
human femoral bone;
by Peter Zioupos & J.D. Currey
------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Shreefal Mehta, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor,
Dept of Radiology -9058,
Univ of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
5323 Harry Hines Blvd.,
Dallas, TX 75235
Phone: (214)-648-2397
Fax: (214)-648-2991
Email: smehta@mednet.swmed.edu
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~