Hi all!

The summary of the responses I got as to my original message requesting
help. I would like to thank to all people for their encouraging and
helpful replies.

>>original message>>

I am going to work on hand-wrist modeling through this summer under the
scope of the summer undergraduate research program. The goal is to
expose a 3d model of the human wrist/hand so that someone can study how
normal and pathological hand works. I have no experience with 3d
modeling of body parts. I couldn't find helpful information on the net
and in the library(just a few too much specific papers published by J.
of Biomech.) I think, firstly, I need some introductory information on
wrist/hand kinematics, dynamics and joint stress analysis. Later, I
would like to focus on ligament modeling. All related introductory and
advance level references are wellcome. Thanks,

Gonul

>> summary of the responses >>

Two great initial resources are :

linical Mechanics of the Hand by Paul Brand and Anne Hollister (1999)
Mosby Yearbook; ISBN: 0815127863

Biomechanics of the Hand : A Basic Research Study by E. Y. Chao ,
Kai-Nan An, William P. Cooney, Ronald Linscheid (1989) World Scientific
Pub Co; ISBN: 9971501031

Once you read these, then you'll be ready to go on doing something with
ligaments. Good luck.

Dave

>>>>

The last two references, books,are a really good place to see who are
the main people doing wrist biomechanics/kinematics in the world. The
last book in particular was from Hand and Wrist Biomechanics Symposium
every other year (the last was in 1997). New papers are always coming
out but I would be careful about papers that say they are measuring
kinematics when they are really looking at static position data.
Deriving information from static positions is very useful
but it is not the same as measuring dynamic motion. Good luck.

1. Y. Youm, R.Y. McMurtry et al., J.B.J.S. (Am), 60A (1978):
423-431.
2. Y. Youm and A.E. Flatt, Annals of Biomed. Eng. 12 (1984):
247-262.
3. Patterson, R.M., Nicodemus, C.L., Viegas, S.F., Elder, K.W.,
and Rosenblatt, J., "Normal Wrist Kinematics and the Analysis of the
Effect of Various Dynamic External Fixators for Treatment of Distal
Radius Fractures," Hand Clinics, 13(1):129-142, February, 1997.
4. Patterson, R.M., Nicodemus, C.L., Viegas, S.F., Elder, K.W.,
and Rosenblatt, J., "High Speed, Three Dimensional Kinematic Analysis of
the Normal Wrist," J. Hand Surg., 23A(3):446-453, May 1998.
5. Biomechanics of the Wrist, Springer-Verlag, New York, NY,
1991,(eds.) K.N. An, R.A. Berger, and W.P. Cooney.
6. N.A.T.O. ASI Series: Advances in the Biomechanics of the Hand
and Wrist, Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1994 (eds.) F. Schuind, et.al.,
pp. 137-151, 1994.

Rita Patterson, Ph.D.


>>>>

The results of recent studies can be seen on
http://www.mrm.e-technik.uni-ulm.de/services/publications/96_10_ament/bonesim
htm

Andreas Boehm

>>>>


For a kinematic model of the axes for palmar/dorsiflexion and
radial/ulnar deviation, see:

Sommer, H. J. and N. R. Miller. 1980.
A Technique for Kinematic Modelling of Anatomical Joints.
ASME J. Biomechanical Engineering 102(4):311-317.

H.J. Sommer III, Ph.D.


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